Because skin cells are constantly being generated on the scalp, the shedding of dead skin cells is a typical part of the process. Skin cells are lost at a quicker pace than normal in certain cases of dandruff, however, this is not always the case. The oil from the scalp causes the skin cells to clump together, resulting in the appearance of white flakes on the skin.

Signs and Symptoms

Hair and shoulder flakes of dead skin, itchy, red, or scaly scalp are all signs of dandruff. Dandruff flakes frequently cover the scalp.

The symptoms of seborrheic dermatitis generally arise gradually. Dry or oily scalp, red and itching. Skin cells die and become yellowish scales. Seborrheic dermatitis can affect various sections of the body. Scaling can arise on the hairline, ears, nose, and chest. Cradle cap is a thick, yellowish, crusty rash on the head of young newborns.

 

Cause dandruff

Shampooing

Some assume that frequent shampooing worsens dandruff, however, this is untrue. Not shampooing enough might exacerbate dandruff. Dandruff gets worse when more oil and dead skin accumulates on the scalp. So can medicated shampoo.

Most drug and supermarket stores sell over-the-counter shampoos. The finest dandruff shampoos contain ketoconazole, selenium sulfide, or zinc. If your hair is particularly brittle, apply a dandruff conditioner.

Skin problems

Dry skin can produce dandruff, and other regions of your body will likely be dry as well. Temperature can exacerbate dry skin and scalp throughout the year. But, like dry skin anyplace else, dandruff-causing dry scalp is curable. Nourishing is important when you wash more frequently.

There are various dry scalp hair products available. A restorative hair mask will help hydrate your scalp. Choosing a product devoid of irritants is critical.

Haircare Items

The scalp, like any other region of the body, is prone to inflammation and allergies. Contact dermatitis might occur if your scalp is sensitive to a hair care product. Contact dermatitis is the skin’s response to an irritant, resulting in dandruff. Your scalp may get inflamed or painful after using particular items, indicating a sensitivity.

Stop using the product immediately. If you are unsure which product it is, you can utilize elimination to find out.

Eczema

Eczema is the most prevalent skin disorder in children, although it can also occur in adults with certain genetic factors. Despite the fact that this is typically a long-term illness, it can improve and even disappear as children age. Eczema is characterized by the presence of dry, red, flaky, and very itchy skin on various parts of the body.

Illness of the nervous system

Several neurological illnesses, such as Parkinson’s disease and traumatic brain damage, have been linked to an increased incidence of dandruff. It is possible that it is caused by changes in oil production or changes in nerve function; however, the link between the two is unclear.

Stress

Stress can have a negative impact on your immune system, causing your dandruff to worsen. According to certain research, those who suffer from mental stress and depression have a higher incidence of scalp diseases.

Genetics

Animal studies imply that heredity may have a role, but further study in this area is needed to confirm this. In the case of dandruff, it is probable that a mix of hereditary and environmental variables is at work.

Immune response

People who have weakened immune systems, such as those suffering from HIV/AIDS, are more likely to get dandruff. The precise function of the immune system, on the other hand, remains a mystery.

Air pollution

In addition, dandruff can be caused by chemicals circulating in the air that can influence the skin and produce irritation or allergic reactions on the skin and scalp, resulting in dandruff and other symptoms.

Brushing hair irregularly

Dandruff is more likely to arise if there is an accumulation of dead skin on the scalp, which is caused by this condition.

 Heat and dry air

Heat, on the other hand, can dry out the scalp and exacerbate the appearance of dandruff.

 

Best way to treat dandruff

• When washing your hair, look for products that contain zinc, pyrithione, salicylic acid, selenium sulfide, ketoconazole, or coal tar.
• Stress can aggravate dandruff, so take time to relax. Get more sleep, exercise, talk about your feelings, and try calming techniques like meditation.
• Too much hair product can pile up on the head and scalp, making it oilier.
• Enjoy some time in the sun. UV rays can help dandruff.
• Many people believe dandruff is caused by poor cleanliness, while in reality it is caused by over-washing or not fully rinsing off shampoo.
• Brush your hair from the scalp down to help break down oil buildup. Your scalp’s natural oils also help strengthen your hair.