In acne, pimples appear predominantly on the face, forehead, chest, shoulders, and upper back. Causes include heredity, hormone fluctuations, stress, excessive humidity, and utilizing oily or greasy personal care products.

Acne

Acne is a common skin problem caused by hair, sebum (oil), germs, and dead skin cells clogging pores. Pimples are caused by obstructions in the pores. You are not alone in having acne. It is the most prevalent skin disorder. Acne affects 80 percent of adults aged 11 to 30, and it affects everyone at some time in their lives.

Where does acne most commonly occur?

Acne is most commonly found on the face, forehead, chest, shoulders, and upper back, with the exception of the back of the neck. Oil glands may be found all throughout your body, but they are the areas where there are the greatest concentrations. The most effective method of treating acne is determined by the severity of the condition. acne might be minor (a few pimples here and there), moderate (inflammatory papules), or severe (a large number of pimples) (nodules and cysts).

Different types of acne?

Acne may appear in a variety of ways. They are as follows:

Blackheads: are open lumps on the skin that become clogged with excess oil and dead skin cells over time. Dark areas on the bump appear to be created by an uneven light reflection off the blocked follicle, but they are really caused by an irregular light reflection off the hump itself.
Whiteheads: Bumpy areas that remain closed due to the presence of oil and dead skin.
Papules: Small red or pink pimples that develop into inflammatory lesions.
Pustules:   Pimples that are filled with pus. They have the appearance of whiteheads encircled by red rings. If plucked or scraped, they can leave scars on the skin.
Fungal acne:  This form of yeast infection happens when an excessive amount of yeast grows in the hair follicles. They might become itchy and irritated as a result of this.
Nodules: Solid pimples that have penetrated your skin deeply. They are cumbersome and uncomfortable.
Cysts: Pimples that are loaded with pus. These have the potential to leave scars.

Causes

Acne is caused by a number of different factors:

• Hormone levels rise as a result of puberty. Oil glands create more oil, also known as sebum, as a result of this. This has the potential to clog skin pores.
• Bacteria are able to enter skin pores.
• Hair products, skin products, and cosmetics may all cause pores to get clogged with oil and grease from the scalp.
• Some medications or supplements, such as steroids, lithium, and barbiturates, have been shown to exacerbate acne.
• Heredity is a type of inheritance (runs in families).

How Acne Worsens

• Pore walls can rupture if you use an abrasive soap, pick at your skin, or rub too hard. This can leave scars.
• Too much washing, astringents, or alcohol can dry up the skin. The oil glands work harder. Causing scarring by squeezing or bursting pimples.
• Chocolate, candies, colas, and fried meals don’t usually aggravate acne. You might try avoiding one meal for a few weeks to see if it helps. Unhealthy diets can lead to unhealthy skin.
• Some cosmetics, sunscreens, and moisturizers can clog pores, aggravating acne. Use only “oil-free” or “non-comedogenic” products that won’t clog pores.
• Baby oil, petrolatum, and other oily items should be avoided.

Treatment of Acne

Topical Acne Medicines

• First, wash your hands with the soap your doctor recommends.
• Rinse. Gently dry your face.
• Apply a thin coating of medication to all acne-prone regions, including the face, back, and chest. Don’t wash.
• Keep the medication away from your eyes and mouth.
• Some drugs perform better when taken throughout the day, while others work better at night. Use medications at the prescribed time of day.
• Itchy skin from some drugs. Apply an oil-free, non-comedogenic face lotion.
• To relieve extreme dryness or irritation, apply topical medications every other day. Retain an oil-free, non-comedogenic moisturizer

Your doctor may also advise you to use an acne wash containing acne medication. Benzoyl peroxide and salicylic acid are popular components in acne washes. These washes are non-prescription. They are widely accessible at most pharmacies. Benzoyl peroxide and salicylic acid are popular components in acne washes.

Pills For Acne

Oral acne medications come in a variety of forms. Antibiotic tablets are a frequent oral acne medication. Read the particular directions and cautions on the medicine’s label and information sheets. These cure acne germs and inflammation.

• Don’t forget to tell your doctor if you’re on any other drugs or supplements.
• Even if you’re on acne meds, keep using the acne treatments and gels your doctor advised. Acne tablets alone cannot treat all acne.
• Headaches and nausea are common adverse effects. If any of these occur, see a doctor.

Other Advice

• Be upbeat and avoid discouragement. Results of acne therapy might take 2–3 months.
• Wash your face gently twice a day with a gentle soap or a medicated wash. Use no scrapes or abrasive pads. Avoid astringents.
• Regular hair shampooing (3 to 5 times a week). Keep it off your face and forehead. Avoid using mousse, gel, or hairspray around your brows.
• Never pop pimples. Squeezing acne can worsen it and leave lifelong scars.
• Obey your doctor’s orders.
• Keep your follow-up visits. Many drugs are available. No improvement? The doctor may adjust your medicine.
• Do not use this drug if your skin gets dry or inflamed. If you have dry skin, use your acne cream 3-4 times a week rather than daily. Use a non-oily, non-comedogenic moisturizer.
• Mention whether you are pregnant or intending to get pregnant.
  If you have any questions, consult your doctor or nurse.

In most cases, acne disappears during adolescence, however, it may persist until middle life in other cases. Acne is a common skin problem that responds well to therapy. However, results might take 6 to 8 weeks to show, and acne can flare up at any moment.
If severe acne is not treated, it may result in scarring. When acne is not addressed, some people experience severe depression.

 

Reference

www.pennmedicine.org

www.verywellhealth.com

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